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In the first decade
of the new millennium, with advances in global technology
overtaking the sovereignty of human compassion, Richard
Martin (SAM NEILL) buys a gift, a new NDR-114 robot.
The product is named Andrew (ROBIN
WILLIAMS) by the youngest of the family’s
children. Touchstone Pictures’/Columbia Pictures’
"Bicentennial Man" follows the life and times
of Andrew, a robot purchased as a household appliance
programmed to perform menial tasks. As Andrew begins
to experience emotions and creative thought, the Martin
family soon discovers they don’t have an ordinary
robot.
Touchstone Pictures and Columbia Pictures present A
1492 Pictures Production in association with Laurence
Mark Productions and Radiant Productions, "Bicentennial
Man." Directed by Chris Columbus, from a screenplay
by Nicholas Kazan, the film is based upon the short
story by Isaac Asimov and the novel The Positronic Man
by Isaac Asimov and Robert Silverberg. The film is produced
by Wolfgang Petersen, Gail Katz, Laurence Mark, Neal
Miller, Chris Columbus, Mark Radcliffe and Michael Barnathan.
Executive producer is Dan Kolsrud. "Bicentennial
Man" is distributed by Buena vista Pictures Distribution.
THE STORY "Bicentennial Man" spans
two centuries, during which it is the goal of a single
individual whose quest is to learn all he might about
the intricacies of humanity, life and love. Through
his efforts Andrew, a popular robot model, teaches as
much as he learns. He shows the world how to open its
eyes and its heart to receive any being with enough
compassion to ask for acceptance.
Andrew appears as a typical robot. Upon his delivery,
there are four members of the Martin home: Richard Martin,
whom Andrew respectfully refers to as Sir; his wife,
simply as Ma’am; and their two children Grace
and Amanda, who will always be Miss and Little Miss,
respectively.
Little Miss is the first to call him Andrew, because
she misunderstands him to be an android, which of course,
he is not. He is a robot: A NorthAm Robotics NDR-114
that has been purchased, as he himself describes, "To
perform menial tasks. Cooking. Cleaning. Making household
repairs. Playing with or supervising children."
The children, however, are at first suspicious of this
new member of the household. Miss sees him as an uninteresting
simple appliance, common in the homes of her friends.
Little Miss thinks he’s a bit scary. She, of course,
has nothing to fear as the first law of robotics states,
"A robot may not injure a human being, or, through
inaction cause a human being to come to harm."
It is perhaps the second law of robots, "A robot
must obey all human orders except where such orders
conflict with the First Law," which leads the Martin
family to change their perception of Andrew. For it
is following an incident in which Miss orders Andrew
to leap from an upstairs window (an order which he is
compelled to follow), that leads Sir to proclaim, "Though
Andrew is technically a piece of property, he shall
be treated as if he is a person." In treating Andrew
as human, are they starting to see human traits? Is
he indeed showing some very anthropomorphic signs of
creativity, curiosity and friendship? Or is it merely
as the NorthAm Robotics executives explain, "An
appliance with human form showing signs of mechanical
failure, interpreted as eccentricity."
Sir decides to not only allow Andrew his creativity
but to encourage and cultivate the behavior as he believes
Andrew to be a unique individual.
Andrew’s artistry is first exhibited in his carving
delicate wooden animals. Before long he has converted
the basement of the Martin home into his workshop where
he crafts beautifully intricate clocks. As his talent
develops, so too, does Andrew’s friendship with
Sir and his ever-deepening affection for Little Miss.
It is ironic that one who spends so many hours creating
timepieces is himself unaffected by the passage of time.
But time does pass. Through the years, then decades,
Andrew achieves a degree of notoriety for creating and
selling his exceptional works, all the time watching
as the family he has become so much a part of grows
up ... and grows old. It makes Andrew all the more aware
how different he is, and in his uniqueness, how alone
he is.
Andrew decides that by looking more human he might narrow
the gap between himself and the human world he so wants
to understand. Even after the robotic upgrades that
change his looks, there is still something missing.
The ability to decide for one’s self where to
live, the ability to come and go as one pleases and
the ability to choose are all things that Andrew, as
a piece of property, cannot know. He lacks the power
of free will. Though such a request has never been heard
before, the court finds it cannot deny freedom to any
being with a mind advanced enough to desire freedom
so passionately.
Andrew’s freedom comes, initially, at a great
personal cost. Sir, his life long companion and teacher
is unable to understand Andrew’s desire. But to
Andrew, it is the start of a journey toward emotional
growth and something he is compelled to pursue.
Andrew sets out on a journey of discovery, to find out
for himself what it is to be human. He needs to know
if anywhere there is anyone or anything else like him.
His search will not lead him to understand others, but
with the help of his new friend Rupert (OLIVER PLATT),
an independent and inventive robotics expert, Andrew
is able to discover himself, developing and appreciating
his own feelings and abilities. As Andrew returns to
his own life he remains ever closer to the newer members
of the Martin family. The awkward affection he once
felt for Little Miss develops into precious companionship
with Little Miss’ granddaughter Portia. Through
her, he learns that with mankind, comes mortality, and
the very uniqueness that has always seemed to keep from
his human existence is the very thing that gives him
his humanity. ABOUT THE
PRODUCTION
According to records, the robot, also know as Andrew
Martin, was powered up on the stages at Treasure Island
in San Francisco, California. As the production evolved
from a written page to a cinematic story, so too did
a feeling among the hundreds of craft workers, artisans
and technicians creating the elements of this story.
It was the knowledge, an all but unspoken truth, that
what was being created here was something very special.
The story which begins in the near future, spans the
next two centuries. Only one figure is constant throughout,
the character of Andrew Martin, played by Robin Williams.
The original story "The Bicentennial Man,"
written by Isaac Asimov, was intended to be part of
a science fiction anthology to be released in 1976,
the year of the American bicentennial. As Asimov himself
describes in his book The Bicentennial Man and Other
Stories, he was approached in January 1975 to be a
participating writer for the anthology. It was to
be a very limited edition, containing original works
by ten of the top science fiction writers of the day.
The stories could be about anything at all provided
that they could seem to have risen out of the phrase
"The Bicentennial Man." Asimov completed
his work ahead of his April 1975 deadline but at nearly
twice the length requested, the longest story he had
ever written below the level of a novel in seventeen
years.
Due to a variety of complications, the anthology never
came to fruition and the Asimov story was eventually
transferred to Judy-Lynn del Rey’s anthology
of original stories entitled Stellar Science Fiction
#2 which appeared in February, 1976. Asimov liked
the story so much that it became the title piece in
his own collection of short stories.
The road to the big screen was a long one for Andrew
Martin. Asimov first sold the screen rights for the
story to Chicago-based producer Neal Miller in November
1986 a decade after its original publication. "I
was looking for good stories that might be adapted
to the screen," Miller remembers. "A friend
suggested that I read ‘Bicentennial Man’
and I fell in love with it. It was a parable of what
it means to be human."
The challenge of bringing together the myriad elements
required to adapt the Asimov story and bring it to
fruition as a major motion picture rested with venerable
producers Gail Katz and Wolfgang Petersen. "The
project had been sitting dormant for a number of years,"
recalls producer Katz. "Wolfgang and I read the
short story, and loved it. We immediately decided
to develop it into a film."
Katz and Petersen, along with producer Laurence Mark,
hired screenwriter Nick Kazan to write the screenplay.
"I think Nick [Kazan] absolutely captured the
story," says Katz. "In my mind, he actually
went beyond it in terms of also creating a love story.
We developed a screenplay that ultimately attracted
Academy Award® winning actor Robin Williams and
director Chris Columbus."
The teaming of Robin Williams with Chris Columbus
was a natural. Having worked together on two previous
films they had an established relationship that performed
brilliantly in comedy. But the challenges beyond the
humor are what brought them together for this story.
"The appeal to me," says Williams, "is
the way the story deals with artificial intelligence
and human behavior. It’s the idea of a robot,
an assembly line creature, an NDR-114. There are thousands
of them in the beginning, but there’s something
unique about this one. He has curiosity, a sense of
fascination."
As Columbus describes, "It’s really like
nothing I’ve ever done before. It’s a
story spanning two hundred years, that follows the
life of a single family for several generations. The
film’s cast of supporting characters was continually
changing." The central figure, and the most unique
task for virtually every department on the production,
would be the creation of the robot. Williams has a
great deal of respect for the original source. "Asimov
is amazing," he says of the late and prolific
author. "By giving the robots the three laws,
he gave them a kind of moral directive. Asimov did
indeed contribute significantly to the modern perception
of what a robot is and how it should behave."
Though robotic-like inventions can be traced back
to around 200 BC when Hero of Alexandra built complicated
amusing automaton, the word "robot" is itself
a creation of the 20th century, coming from the Czech
word Robota, meaning forced labor. The term robot
was first used in a 1920s play by Karel Capek called
"R.U.R." (Rossums Universal Robots). The
play dealt with robots created to free humans from
the burden of labor but who eventually turn on and
try to destroy their human creators because of their
desire for freedom.
In 1926, the robot character Maria launched a similar
attack on humanity in Fritz Lang’s "Metropolis."
In 1950 Asimov set down the three laws of robotics
in his book I, Robot which established a standard
for the fictional robot that has since been accepted
by almost anyone writing about or referring to robots.
The three rules are:
A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction,
allow a human being to come to harm.
A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings
except where such orders would conflict with The First
Law.
A robot must protect its own existence as long as
such protection does not conflict with the First or
Second Law.
It is with these laws, or moral directives as Williams
calls them, that the fictional robots lose their disposition
toward calamity. "Asimov was the first writer
to think of robots in a positive sense," Williams
says. "That he could think they could be as moral
as human beings, and maybe more so is what’s
fascinating about them. By programming what may be
considered a consciousness and giving his robots both
curiosity and desire, Asimov removed any real danger
the robots might pose. What remains is the threat
that people feel by the robots’ presence, placing
Andrew in a world where he must face the all-too-familiar
forces of bigotry and hatred in a daring bid to obtain
the only thing that really matters to him—his
humanity."
How is consciousness defined? "I think it was
Arthur C. Clarke," Williams recalls, "who
said, ‘You’ll know when an artificial
intelligence has a consciousness when it can make
a joke and know that it made a joke and laugh at it."
For the filmmakers the task was no small one. To create
the robot suit for Williams, the challenge was to
avoid having the suit completely mask the humor and
emotion of the character.
To help solve this problem the production turned to
Steve Johnson and his special effects company XFX,
Inc. The suit Johnson created was made up of over
250 pieces which were assembled into 30 wearable components
weighing roughly 35 pounds. Chris Nelson and Eric
Fiedler of XFX were the puppeteers who maintained
the suit and controlled the facial expressions. The
first-stage suit could have been very limiting, because
as Chris Nelson explains, "There wasn’t
much movement for someone with a face as expressive
as Robin Williams’. It had only jaw movement
which Robin could control. It didn’t have the
smile mechanism that we would upgrade to later. The
eyes blink and the eye brows go up and down by remote
control."
Was the lack of facial mobility limiting? Nelson explains,
"Something that was constantly coming up from
the beginning was, ‘Couldn’t you have
put just about anybody inside this mask?’ You
don’t initially see any of Robin, but the biggest
thing on this show for me is that Robin is actually
inside, and Robin’s essence comes though this
suit. Covered in plastic, covered in silicone, in
all the mechanisms and things, he reads through. You
know it’s Robin and if anybody else was in that
suit you wouldn’t have that, especially when
it carries over to Andrew’s many different looks
and where it ends up."
The final result surprised even Williams, but in a
very positive way. "I’ve not seen one frame
of dailies, but I know the robot is interesting."
he explains. "The greatest compliment the robotics
guys and I have received was when the studio first
saw the robot, they thought it was CGI. The second
was that when I’m inside working the suit, it
looks totally different than with just animatronics.
They said it has life."
Eric Fiedler explains the process of operating the
face. "It’s a type of performance. It’s
an accentuation to punctuate what Robin does. If it
were just a static face you would still read something.
You would read a lot of the body language, but the
expression helps it along. Robin and I had conversations
about it. He always came up with great ideas like,
‘why not put a surprised look here.’ Or,
later, when the face moves a little he’d say,
‘Make him have just a slight smile. We worked
together, which made it fun.’"
During the early tests of the suit for its expression
and mobility, Williams entertained the crew, improvising
everything including a robo-rapper, and the results
were hilarious. For Williams though, it was not just
a matter of acting through the suit but rather having
the suit become a part of him. "It isn’t
just a mind-set, it’s a body-set," he explains.
"Everything from where your feet make contact
with the ground to the way you move your hands, how
you grab things, how much range of motion you have
in your head. It’s all dictated by the suit.
Then you try and push the limits of the suit.
"Ultimately," Williams says thoughtfully,
"it’s very strange. Once they encase you
in the suit, it’s a bit like being in the make-up
for Mrs. Doubtfire, you’re kind of freed by
it. It defines who you are. The hardest part was keeping
that in mind once we started to lose all the accessories,
getting what Andrew calls upgrades because he’s
still a robot, not fully human."
Williams’ long-time make-up artist, Cheri Minns,
was the one person who worked with him through all
the various looks and applications; from Steve Johnson’s
robotics, to the more humanoid features through the
later old-age look designed by Greg Cannom and the
company Captive Audience Productions. Of the transformation
Minns says, "Robin sort of sustains the character.
I think people will care about him because he maintains
a thread of dignity from his earliest appearance as
a robot to eventually becoming something like an elder
statesman."
Embeth Davidtz, in the dual roles of adult Little
Miss and Portia enjoyed her own engaging interplay
opposite the robot. "When I first read the screenplay,"
Davidtz remembers, "I thought, how do you make
that believable? How do you make love believable?
But Robin transforms himself into more than just a
robot. That’s why the story is so profound.
It’s about something that was man-made to begin
with, but then becomes self-made, and that’s
what the allure is."
Playing the role of Sir, Sam Neill also found the
prospect of playing against a robot that is starting
to show unusually human attributes, an interesting
one. But as the man who first recognizes Andrew’s
uncommon abilities Neill says of his character, "He’s
Andrew’s first owner and he’s fascinated
by the whole business of robotics. But he notices
that there’s something humane about the robot,
and he has a sense of humor and an inquiring mind.
There’s this little spark in his robot that
is different from all the other hundreds of thousands
of other ones."
As the character playing Andrew’s owner, Neill
had to try to explain the concept of humor. In reality,
Neill found Williams well versed on the topic. "I’ve
never really worked with anyone like Robin before,"
Neill recalls. "I have to say I’ve laughed
more on this film than I have on the last ten films
combined. When we’d do a scene, like the one
where Andrew has to tell a joke, with Robin you never
really know where it’s going to go. It can go
ways that are absolutely hilarious but completely
unprintable. So this was a very interesting and extremely
funny process for me."
As someone who has the opportunity to interact with
Andrew from the perspective of two different characters,
Embeth Davidtz could easily understand Portia’s
attraction to a robot. "First of all," Davidtz
explains, "the character of Andrew is fantastic.
He’s really funny, quaint, quirky, very old
fashioned but really way ahead of his time. So, he’s
got this intellect, which is a challenge to her and
a wonderful kindness. It’s a great contrast
that’s given. Some of the human beings are not
really great human beings and then here’s a
robot that has more of a soul than most people do."
For Robin Williams, the opportunity to play off such
a wide variety of characters throughout the diverse
story is what created the challenge and gave it innovation.
From the parental Sir or the inquisitive Little Miss
to the partnership he forms with Oliver Platt’s
character, inventor Rupert Burns, or the playful combativeness
he experiences with Kiersten Warren’s Galatea,
Robin knows that he’s lucky. He says, throughout
his existence he has had several teachers, people
who hook up and become mentors for him.
Director Chris Columbus put a new face on Robin Williams
when the two made the tremendously successful comedy
"Mrs. Doubtfire." Columbus, whose first
screenwriting jobs were science fiction-horror-fantasy,
felt it was time to get back to his roots. "Science
fiction has always been one of my biggest passions.
But I had never been able to find a story in that
genre that worked on an emotional level. When I read
Nicholas Kazan’s screenplay, I found a story
tht was not only magical and fantastic from a science
fiction standpoint, but also tremendously complex
and moving from a human standpoint. Also, it was completely
original and unpredictable.
"The challenge of the picture was creating a
realistic and believable robot, and a futuristic view
of San Francisco that would span over 200 years. We
needed to create a robotic suit that would be realistic
and completely believable. The audience must always
believe that this is a machine and not an actor inside
of a suit. And although the robotic design of the
suit helps create this illusion, it is Robin’s
controlled and extremely focused performance that
makes Andrew martin so real."
The evolution of San Francisco was also an area to
test the imagination of director Columbus. "I
felt it was essential to create a future that had
complete architectural integrity. A city like San
Francisco will never let its past die," explains
Columbus, "so it is important to be true to that
vision, but subtly adding to the city’s already
existing architecture."
The social attitude was an area to which he would
pay close attention. Of the director’s approach
to these societal issues and his creative vision to
tell the story, Williams says, "People know Chris
for a certain style of movies because he has great
instinct for comedy. What people may not realize is
there’s an incredible literacy to him and a
film literacy, a vision for something like this, a
science fiction or really fantastic movie. This one
offers that because it has the other side, the human
edge, the behavior of the characters. That’s
what’s interesting about doing this. He’s
been very open to trying different things in his casting
of different people. It’s been great. He’s
very adamant about how the robots should look and
the inter-relationships of all the different characters."
Sam Neill agrees with his fellow actor’s assessment,
saying of Columbus, "He’s the most unflappable
director I’ve ever met. He’s just extraordinarily
calm and never lets anything ruffle his feathers,
which is kind of amazing on something this big."
To project Columbus’ unique vision and propel
a cityscape as well known as San Francisco from its
current look to 200 years in the future, the director
turned to the talents of Academy Award® winning
production designer Norman Reynolds, who is especially
well known for his art direction on "Star Wars
Episode IV: A New Hope" and his production design
on "The Empire Strike Back" and "The
Return of the Jedi" in the original "Star
Wars" series.
"I haven’t gone too far into the future,"
Reynolds says of his designs. "Having said that
implies that I know what the future looks like, and
I don’t. But we’ve taken advantage of
the San Francisco landmarks, like the Golden Gate
Bridge, to which we’ve added another road at
high level. We’ve increased the size of Sausalito
so that you can see it from Fort Point, underneath
the Golden Gate Bridge. All of these landmarks are
familiar to people both here and overseas."
To allow the city of San Francisco’s presence
to be felt throughout the film, director Columbus
utilized many practical locations unique to the city
by the bay. Also featured, in Little Miss’ wedding
and later as the church Portia is restoring, is Grace
Cathedral. With its French and Spanish inspired design
and towers rising 174 feet above the street, the church
has been a recognizable landmark since its construction
began in 1928.
To convey the passage of the 200 years over which
the story takes place Columbus had Reynolds continually
modernize the character’s living spaces. The
interior sets of the Martin house, for example, were
built on the stages on Treasure Island in San Francisco
that would retain their classic architectural design
allowing for upgrades to convey the passage of time.
We’ve had a number of kitchens in this movie,"
Reynolds says with a laugh, "like, four or five.
It’s difficult to change each of them but hopefully
we’ve succeeded and I think making things simple
has helped, you know, to not be too cluttered."
Not all of Reynolds designs utilized existing structures.
The World Legislature set was an undertaking that
took three months to construct on the stages of Manex
Studios in Alameda, California, and is one of the
most advanced of Chris Columbus’ vision of the
future. As Reynolds describes in overview, "There
are a number of interiors, but the exteriors are what
we use to really convey the future. What we’ve
done is to add more buildings, more futuristic buildings
and take advantage of the city rather than build sets
that are too way out."
To establish that sense of the future and the progress
of time in the environment and in technology, Dream
Quest Images, the feature film visual effects division
of The Walt Disney Company, employed such multi-faceted
techniques as digital matte paintings, CG imagery
and models to realize the futuristic world envisioned
by Columbus and Reynolds.
"Chris and Norman's concept of an 'evolutionary'
future—instead of a far out one—was what
really enabled us to create realistic shots",
observed Dream Quest’s visual effects supervisor
James Price. "By utilizing existing structures
and building around them, we were able to design environments
that are futuristic yet familiar. This was crucial
not only to show the progress of time throughout the
film, but also to maintain a level of intimacy between
the audience and the world in which the characters
are living."
Holograms figure importantly throughout the film.
Dream Quest’s team of digital artists created
the Three Rules of Robotics, a vortex of light and
words which the newly arrived Andrews projects for
his apprehensive family. While this early display
has a somewhat menacing overtone, Andrew later demonstrates
his abilities in an emotional and nostalgic way when
he projects the wedding dance for Sir. Holograms of
human organs are used to underscore the technology
used in Andrew’s human transformation. The replacement
of Andrew’s head and the morphing of a robotic
underskeleton to a humanoid hand also involved the
use of bluescreen and motion control photography,
survey techniques to recreate the camera move in 3D,
and digital compositing, along with animation and
CG.
Landmark views of San Francisco, New York and Washington,
D.C. have been combined with digital matte paintings
of new millennium skyscrapers. A CG tanker churns
beneath the double-deck span of the Golden Gate bridge,
a CG Circle Line hover ferry can be seen on New York’s
East River, CG hover cars fly above the Brooklyn Bridge
and CG traffic and hover cars appear throughout the
shots of the Capitol. The World Legislature itself
was built as a 1/48 scale miniature by Dream Quest’s
model shop over a 12-week period, as was Portia’s
loft. The Victorian building in an old San Francisco
neighborhood is seen with both traditional cable cars
and a futuristic monorail, all intricately detailed
models seamlessly blended with a digital matte painting
of the Bay Bridge. Other architectural modifications
are seen in the CG extension of the hospital set,
the Rupert Burns building, and the he family’s
Northern California mansion.
Eventually the truth prevails. The feeling shared
by all people involved with the production of "Bicentennial
Man" is that this story is special. Beyond the
elaborate sets, beyond the philosophy, and beyond
the science of robotics, "Bicentennial Man"
is a very human story. As Sam Neill says, "There
are all kinds of questions raised, some of which are
rather troubling. Where does science overstep its
mark? Where does what we invent and what we use start
to erode what we understand about a civilized way
of living? I have no idea where we will be in a hundred
years, even if we’ll be alive as a race. It’s
terribly hard to know or to see. All I do know is
it’ll be wildly different from anything we can
guess now."
Robin Williams agrees, "No scientists will predict
the future. They talk about when the first functioning
robot will be. They talk about getting that nano-technology
down to a certain point but then there will be something,
as always, as right now, that no one can predict.
No one could predict lap-top computers sixty years
ago."
In this story, however, Williams feels very positive
about what technology might bring for that too comes
back to the human element. "Some people could
say it’s like a divine accident when it happens,"
he says of his character’s evolution and the
questions it might bring about. "There’s
a certain time when his perception of the world changes
and he becomes quite unique. There have been movies
about robots. There have been movies about artificial
intelligence. But who we are and how we will relate
to these creatures is what Asimov was always writing
about. How will we relate to these questions and could
they be superior in a moral way. A robot would have
more humanity that most human beings according to
Asimov, and that makes us look at ourselves."
ABOUT THE CAST
ROBIN WILLIAMS (Andrew
Martin) was most recently seen in "Jakob The
Liar" and the Universal Pictures’ presentation
"Patch Adams," which earned him a Golden
Globe nomination for Best Actor. Williams is one of
the most gifted and abundantly talented actors of
our time. He is the recipient of the 1997 Best Supporting
Actor Academy Award® for bringing compassion and
intelligence to the part of Dr. Sean McGuire in "Good
Will Hunting," a role for which he also received
the Screen Actors Guild Supporting Actor Award.
Williams first captured the attention of television
viewers when he landed a guest-starring role on the
hit situation comedy series "Happy Days"
as Mork, the wildly manic and humorous extraterrestrial.
His sharply hilarious yet heartfelt portrayal won
him instant stardom. Viewer response was so great
that he quickly signed for the now-legendary spin-off
comedy series "Mork & Mindy."
In 1980, Williams made the leap to feature films,
debuting in Robert Altman’s "Popeye."
Audiences then embraced a more poignant Williams in
his portrayal of T.S. Garp in George Roy Hill’s
hugely successful "The World According To Garp,"
followed by Paul Mazursky’s "Moscow on
the Hudson." Barry Levinson’s landmark
film, "Good Morning, Vietnam" earned Williams
his first Academy Award® nomination, with Peter
Weir’s "Dead Poets Society" earning
him a second nomination.
Williams next starred opposite Robert De Niro in Penny
Marshall’s "Awakenings" (bringing
him a special honor from the National Board of Review)
followed by Terry Gilliam’s "The Fisher
King" for which Williams received his third Academy
Award® nomination. He additionally starred in
Barry Levinson’s "Toys," Steven Spielberg’s
"Hook," and Mike Nichols’ "The
Birdcage" which earned the ensemble cast of the
film an Actor Award from the Screen Actors Guild.
Williams received a Golden Globe Award for his performance
in "Mrs. Doubtfire" and also earned a Special
Achievement Award from the Hollywood Foreign Press
Association for his vocal contributions as Genie in
Walt Disney Pictures’ now-classic animated blockbuster
feature "Aladdin."
Born in Chicago, Williams attended high school in
Marin County, California. After a short stint studying
political science at Claremont Men’s College
in Southern California, Williams entered the College
of Marin to study theater and his innate comedic and
dramatic skills led to his acceptance at the Juilliard
School in New York, where he spent three years under
the tutelage of acclaimed actor John Houseman and
other noted professionals. In 1988 he performed on
stage when he co-starred with Steve Martin in Mike
Nichols’ off-Broadway production of Samuel Beckett’s
"Waiting for Godot."
Williams, who began his career as a stand-up comedian,
has won four Grammy Awards, including one for Robin
Williams Live at the Met. He also won Emmys for the
television specials "Carol, Carl, Whoopi, and
Robin," and "ABC Presents A Royal Gala."
He is also active in several humanitarian organizations,
and has been a primary force in "Comic Relief,"
an annual benefit to aid the homeless raising over
$50 million to date.
SAM NEILL (Sir) was raised in New Zealand, and has
been recognized as an actor of extraordinary depth
and range.
Neill’s recent credits include his role opposite
Robert Redford and Kristen Scott Thomas in the critically
acclaimed film "The Horse Whisperer," and
the science fiction thriller "Event Horizon,"
with Laurence Fishburne. He appeared opposite Meg
Ryan, Hugh Grant and Robert Downey, Jr. in "Restoration,"
and in "Sirens," also with Hugh Grant. Neill
also starred in Steven Spielberg’s "Jurassic
Park" and in Jane Campion’s "The Piano"
opposite Holly Hunter and Harvey Keitel.
In addition to a memorable appearance in "My
Brilliant Career," Neill appeared in "Plenty"
and "A Cry in the Dark," for which he won
the Australian Film Institute award for Best Actor
and was also seen in "Dead Calm" and "The
Hunt for Red October."
On television, Neill recently received Emmy nominations
for his starring role as the title character in the
ABC/Hallmark Hall of Fame Presentation "Merlin."
He was named Best Actor on British Television, and
received a Golden Globe nomination for his portrayal
in the title role "Reilly, Ace of Spies,"
and earned a second Golden Globe nomination for his
work opposite Judy Davis in the Hallmark Hall of Fame
presentation of "One Against the Wind."
A native of Northern Ireland, Neill grew up in New
Zealand, where he began his career with the Amamaus
Theatre Group, subsequently joining the New Zealand
Film Unit. In 1991, he was awarded the Order of the
British Empire (OBE) for his contributions to acting.
EMBETH DAVIDTZ (Adult Little Miss/Portia) caught
the attention of critics and audiences alike as the
Jewish maid who survives both the abuse and the attraction
of Ralph Fiennes’ sadistic Commander Goeth in
Steven Spielberg’s "Schindler’s List."
She then portrayed a seductive but fragile caterer
opposite Kenneth Branagh in Robert Altman’s
critically acclaimed thriller "The Gingerbread
Man." Her other work includes Miramax’s
"Mansfield Park," "Murder in the First"
opposite Kevin Bacon, "Feast of July," "Matilda,"
and the supernatural thriller "Fallen" opposite
Denzel Washington.
OLIVER PLATT (Rupert Burns) recently starred in "Lake
Placid," "Bulworth" and "Doctor
Dolittle." His feature credits also include "Simon
Birch," "The Impostors," "Dangerous
Beauty," "Executive Decision," "A
Time To Kill," "The Three Musketeers,"
"Indecent Proposal," "Funny Bones,"
"Beethoven," "Flatliners," "Working
Girl," "Postcards From the Edge," "Crusoe"
and the upcoming "Gun Shy" and "Three
to Tango." His first major break came with his
role in Jonathan Demme’s "Married to the
Mob."
Platt spent his childhood in Washington, D.C. and
Asia and earned a degree in drama from Tufts University.
He has worked extensively in theater with roles in
such productions as "The Crucible" and "Buried
Child."
WENDY CREWSON (Ma’am) was recently nominated
for a Gemini Award (Canada’s equivalent of the
Emmy) in the category of Best Actress, for her title
role in "At The End Of The Day: The Sue Rodriguez
Story." In addition, she recently completed filming
director Robert Zemekis’ "What Lies Beneath,"
with Harrison Ford and Michelle Pfeiffer, and is currently
shooting "Piano Man’s Daughter," directed
by Kevin Sullivan, produced by Whoopi Goldberg and
co-starring Stockard Channing.
Crewson previously starred opposite Harrison Ford
as the intrepid and dynamic First Lady in Wolfgang
Petersen’s "Air Force One." She followed
that starring as the street savvy prosecutor Helen
Eden in the MGM release "Gang Related" with
James Belushi and the late Tupac Shakur. Displaying
her comic skills opposite Tim Allen in the 1995 box
office smash "The Santa Clause," Crewson
subsequently starred as a grieving widower’s
reluctant date in "To Gillian on Her 37th Birthday"
with Michelle Pfeiffer and Peter Gallagher.
Crewson’s other film credits include "Corrina,
Corrina" with Whoopi Goldberg and Ray Liotta,
"The Good Son" with MacCauley Culkin and
a memorable appearance in "The Doctor" with
William Hurt.
On television, Crewson appeared in the Sally Field-directed
episode of the critically acclaimed "From The
Earth To The Moon," executive produced by Tom
Hanks. She received an ACTRA Best Actress Award for
"Home Fires" on which she was a series regular.
She received ACTRA nominations for her roles in "I’ll
Never Go To Heaven," "Getting Married In
Buffalo Jump" and "The War Brides."
Crewson is featured as a series regular on the CBS
one-hour drama "Hard Copy" and Robert Altman’s
"Tanner 88" for HBO. Other television credits
include Alice Monroe’s "The Lives of Girls
and Women."
A native of Hamilton, Ontario, Crewson received a
Bachelor of Arts from Queens University in Kingston
and continued her post-graduate studies in London
at the Webber Douglas Academy of Dramatic Arts and
the American Repertory Theatre.
She lives in San Francisco, California with her husband,
actor Michael Murphy, and their two children.
HALLIE KATE EISENBERG (Young Little Miss) is 7 years
old and loves to act. She first appeared as Marie
in "Paulie." She portrayed Barbara in Michael
Mann’s "The Insider." She recently
completed filming "Beautiful," co-starring
Minnie Driver and directed by Sally Field.
Eisenberg has also appeared in three television movies,
portraying Eleanor in "Nicholas’ Gift"
(CBS), Josie in "Blue Moon" (CBS) and Jenny
in "Swing Vote" (ABC). She also appeared
as Abby Mills in the short film "A Little Inside"
which aired on Lifetime.
Young Eisenberg starred in a series of promos for
the Independent Film Channel as Christie, "the
hot new indy director," and has filmed an international
advertising campaign for the Pepsi-Cola Company. She
also served as the "Entertainment Tonight"
correspondent for the Emmy Awards, Gotham Awards,
Independent Spirit Awards and the Nickelodeon Kids
Choice Awards.
Eisenberg has guested on "The Rosie O’Donnell
Show," "The Tonight Show" with Jay
Leno, "Donny & Marie" and "The
Howie Mandel Show," and has a guest spot coming
up on the "Letterman" show this December.
STEPHEN ROOT (Dennis Mansky) is a classically trained
actor who has starred on Broadway, television and
film. Recent features include "Office Space,"
"Krippendorf's Tribe," "Natural Selection,"
"Bye, Bye Love," "Crocodile Dundee"
and "Dave." He co-stars with George Clooney
in the Coen Brothers' next feature "Oh Brother,
Where Art Thou?"
Root made his feature debut as a cold-blooded scientist
in George Romero's "Monkey Shines: An Experiment
in Fear," and followed by playing a police sergeant
opposite Demi Moore in "Ghost," and as Gary
Murray in "Buffy the Vampire Slayer." Other
feature credits include "Extreme Justice,"
"Robocop III," "V.I. Warshawski,"
"Black Rain," "Kindergarten Cop,"
"Guilty by Suspicion" and "Stanley
and Iris."
He currently stars as Gene on CBS-TV's "Ladies
Man," is a series regular on the Emmy-winning
"King of the Hill," voicing the characters
of Hank's next door neighbor Bill, boss, Mr.Strickland
and Topsy, and provides the voices of Donovan in Columbia
Tri-Star's "The Big Guy and Rusty the Robot"
and as Sheriff in "Star Command." He starred
as station manager Jimmy James on the series "News
Radio" and was a series regular on "The
Golden Years," and "Harts of the West."
He starred in the miniseries, "From the Earth
to the Moon," and had recurring roles on "Civil
Wars" and "L.A. Law."
Root received a CableACE Award nomination for Best
Supporting Actor in the telefilm "Road to Galveston,"
starring Cicely Tyson. His extensive guest starring
credits on series include "Seinfeld," "Chicago
Hope," "Cybil," "Party of Five,"
"Roseanne," "Murphy Brown," "Civil
Wars," "Northern Exposure," "Star
Trek: The Next Generation" and "Home Improvement."
Born in Sarasota, he majored in acting and broadcasting
at the University of Florida, then left before graduating
when he won a regional audition for the National Shakespeare
Company. After three years of touring the U.S. and
Canada with the troupe, Root settled in New York,
honing his craft in several off-off Broadway Shows
before landing a role in off-Broadway's "Journey's
End."
Regional theater performances led to Root's starring
Broadway debut in "So Long on Lonely Street."
He then starred with Richard Kiley in "All My
Sons," which won the 1987 Tony Award for the
year's best revival. He has also starred off-Broadway
in "The Au Pair Man." His starring role
in the national tour of "Driving Miss Daisy"
with Julie Harris brought Root to Los Angeles where
he launched into his television and film roles.
LYNNE THIGPEN (Female President) enjoys a distinguished
artistic career on stage, film, television and radio.
A Tony Award winner for her starring role in the Dan
Sullivan-directed play "An American Daughter,"
Ms. Thigpen’s other Broadway credits include
"Tintypes" for which she received a Tony
Award nomination, "Fences" directed by the
legendary Lloyd Richards, "A Month of Sundays,"
"Working," and "The Magic Show."
Off-Broadway and in regional theatre, Ms. Thigpen
starred in "Jar the Floor," "Having
Our Say," "Boesman and Lena," for which
she won an Obie Award; "Balm in Gilead,"
"The Best Man" and "Fences," for
which she received the Los Angeles Drama Critic’s
Award.
Equally acclaimed for her performances in feature
films, Ms. Thigpen has appeared in a wide variety
of motion picture roles. Among the highlights of her
numerous credits are Michael Mann’s recent hit
"The Insider," "Random Hearts,"
"Just Cause," "Bob Roberts," "The
Paper," "Article 99," "Lean on
Me," "Running on Empty" and "Tootsie."
For television’s Hallmark Hall of Fame presentations,
Ms. Thigpen starred in "Night Ride Home"
and "The Boys Next Door." Her other movies-of-the-week
include "A Chance of a Lifetime," "A
Mother’s Instinct," "Cagney &
Lacey" and "Separate But Equal." Thigpen
also starred as a series regular on "FM,"
and has a recurring role on "Law & Order."
She previously starred with recurring characters on
"L.A. Law," "thirtysomething"
and the daytime drama, "All My Children,"
and guest-starred on "Homicide: Life on the Street,"
"The Cosby Show" and "Frank’s
Place." She received four Emmy Award nominations
for her performances on the acclaimed PBS series "Where
in the World is Carmen Sandiego?"
In addition to her stage and film successes, Ms. Thigpen
has appeared on the popular NPR program, "The
Garrison Keillor Show." Her mellifluous voice
has also contributed to the success of recorded books
by Nobel Prize laureate Toni Morrison, Dr. Maya Angelou
and others.
BRADLEY WHITFORD (Lloyd) most recently appeared in
Albert Brooks’ "The Muse." Previously,
he was seen in the feature films "Philadelphia,"
directed by Jonathan Demme; "The Client,"
directed by Joel Schumacher; "A Perfect World,"
directed by Clint Eastwood; and "Awakenings"
directed by Penny Marshall; as well as the films "My
Fellow Americans," "Cobb," "My
Life," "Scent of a Woman," "Red
Corner" and "Presumed Innocent."
After attending the Juilliard Theatre Center, Whitford
began his career with roles in numerous New York and
regional theater productions, including "A Few
Good Men," "Curse of the Starving Class,"
"Measure for Measure, "Romeo and Juliet"
and "A Midsummer Night’s Dream."
Whitford’s long list of television credits include
starring on the new hit series "The West Wing,"
as well as guest-starring roles on "The Secret
Lives of Men," "ER," "The X-Files"
and "Ellen," as well as a recurring role
in "NYPD Blue" and numerous movies of the
week.
KIERSTEN WARREN (Galatea Robotic/Human), recently
starred in Barry Levinson’s "Liberty Heights."
She will soon be seen as Candy, in Bruce Paltrow’s
"Duets," starring Gwyneth Paltrow and Scott
Speedman. Additionally, Ms. Warren recently completed
the screenplay "Miss Runner Up" which Michael
Douglas’ Furthur Films will produce. The film
is a black comedy about a scrappy orphan who’s
been on the have not team for too long. Kiersten is
attached to star in the film. Her other feature credits
include, "Pushing Tin" for director Mike
Newell, "Independence Day," and "Painted
Hero."
Ms. Warren’s many television credits include
her role as the eccentric Leeann opposite Beau Bridges
in the Barry Sonnenfeld executive produced series
"Maximum Bob," a role on "Saved By
the Bell: The College Years," and guest-starring
roles on "Cybill" and "JAG." Her
films for television include, "Fugitive Among
Us," "False Arrest," "Grave Secrets"
and "Exile."
JOHN MICHAEL HIGGINS (Bill Feingold) is perhaps best
known for his acclaimed portrayal of David Letterman
in the HBO film "The Late Shift." He has
also starred in such hits as Barry Levinson’s
"Wag the Dog" and Ridley Scott’s "G.I.
Jane." He will be seen in the upcoming "Best
of Show," the new "mockumentary" by
Christopher Guest, Michael McKean and Eugene Levy.
Higgins, a longtime veteran of Broadway and regional
theatre, created the title role in Paul Rudnick’s
"Jeffrey" for the New York stage and is
internationally recognized as a leading interpreter
of Harlequin, from the Italian commedia dell’arte.
He has played a litany of the great classical roles
from Shakespeare to Shaw to Sheridan, and is a well-respected
improviser and comedian as well, co-writing and starring
in such off-Broadway successes as "The National
Lampoon Revue" for ShowTime and "The Comedy
of Errors," for the New York Shakespeare Festival.
Scores of television credits include everything from
Elaine’s bald boyfriend on "Seinfeld,"
to the fussy alien A’rnox on Disney’s
"Honey, I Shrunk the Kids," to Carol Burnett’s
Riverdancing paramour on "Mad About You,"
as well as dramatic turns in Tom Hanks’ "From
the Earth to the Moon" and the controversial
ABC drama "Nothing Sacred."
GEORGE D. WALLACE (Male President) has enjoyed a
long and distinguished career in motion pictures,
stage and television productions. Among his most prominent
feature films of the past few years are "Forces
of Nature" starring with Sandra Bullock and Ben
Affleck; "Multiplicity," with Michael Keaton;
"Diggstown," with James Woods; "Postcards
from the Edge," with Meryl Streep; "Punchline,"
with Sally Field and Tom Hanks; "Defending Your
Life," with Streep and Albert Brooks; as well
as "A Rage in Harlem," "Resurrection"
and "My Girl 2."
Early in his career, Wallace became an instant star
for his performances as Commando Cody, Sky Marshall
of the Universe, in Republic Pictures’ classic
serial, "Radar Men from the Moon." More
than a generation later, he is still revered for this
memorable role. He subsequently starred in another
sci-fi classic feature drama, "Forbidden Planet,"
and he has appeared on screen opposite many of Hollywood’s
legends, including Clark Gable ("Soldiers of
Fortune"), Jane Russell ("The French Line"),
William Holden and William Bendix ("Submarine
Command"), Rock Hudson ("The Lawless Breed"),
Kirk Douglas ("The Big Sky," "Man Without
a Star"), Randolph Scott ("Man in the Saddle"),
and Audie Murphy ("Destry," "Drums
Across the River," "Six Black Horses").
For television, Mr. Wallace’s body of work can
best be characterized as voluminous, having appeared
in many of the medium’s classic episodic dramas
and sit-coms. A fraction of these credits include
relatively recent guest starring roles on "Early
Edition," "JAG," "ER," "Mad
About You," "Civil Wars," "Star
Trek: The Next Generation," "Cybill,"
"L.A. Law," "It’s Garry Shandling’s
Show," "Matlock," "Walker, Texas
Ranger," "Picket Fences," "Dynasty,"
"Hill Street Blues," "Knots Landing"
and "St. Elsewhere"; going back to such
time-honored perennials as "Rawhide," "77
Sunset Strip," "Wyatt Earp," "The
Virginian," "Perry Mason," "The
F.B.I.," "Gunsmoke" and "Bonanza."
He was also a series regular on "Sons and Daughters."
Among Wallace’s extensive list of miniseries
and made-for-television movies are "Nothing Personal,"
"Miracle At Clements Pond," "Child
of Rage," "The Haunted," "U.S.
Vs. Salim Adjam," "People Like Us,"
"Murderous Passion," "The Final Days,"
"Fresno," "Love Leads the Way"
and "Return to Earth."
On stage, Wallace made his Broadway debut in Rodgers
and Hammerstein’s musical, "Pipe Dream."
His subsequent Broadway credits include director George
Abbott’s musicals "Pajama Game," in
which he replaced John Raitt as the lead, and "New
Girl In Town" opposite Gwen Verdon. He then starred
opposite Mary Martin in the musical, "Jennie,"
and Sondheim’s "Company" directed
by Harold Prince. He also starred in the national
touring productions of "Camelot" as King
Arthur, "Man of La Mancha" and "Company."
In addition, he starred at the Mark Taper Forum in
Los Angeles in director Jose Quintero’s acclaimed
production of "Cat On a Hot Tin Roof."
Born in New York City, Wallace now resides in Los
Angeles with his wife, award-winning singer/actress
Jane A. Johnston.
ABOUT THE FILMMAKERS
CHRIS COLUMBUS (Director/Producer) is perhaps best
known for directing one of the highest grossing motion
picture comedies of all time, "Home Alone"
and its smash hit follow-up "Home Alone 2: Lost
in New York." Recent credits include his direction
of last year’s heartwarming drama, "Stepmom"
with Julia Roberts and Susan Sarandon; his box office
hit "Mrs. Doubtfire" with Robin Williams
and Sally Field; the popular comedy "Nine Months"
which he wrote, produced and directed; the Arnold
Schwarzenegger comedy "Jingle All The Way,"
which he produced, and "Monkeybone" starring
Brendan Fraser, directed by Henry Selick to be released
Thanksgiving 2000 which he is producing.
Columbus was born in Spangler, Pennsylvania and grew
up outside of Youngstown, Ohio. As a youngster, he
aspired to draw cartoons for Marvel Comics and eventually
discovered that comic books resemble the storyboards
directors sketch for their movies. In high school
he began making 8mm films and drawing his own storyboards
(which he continues to do for his films today). After
high school, he enrolled in the Directors Program
at New York University’s prestigious Tisch School
of the Arts.
Columbus first attained success as a screenwriter.
While still in college he sold his first script, "Jocks"
a semi-autobiographical comedy about a Catholic schoolboy
who tries out for the football team.
After graduating from NYU, Columbus wrote a steel
town drama called "Reckless" based on his
experiences as a factory worker in Ohio. The film
starred Daryl Hannah and Aidan Quinn, and was directed
by James Foley.
Columbus gained prominence in Hollywood with a trio
of original scripts for Steven Spielberg: the 1984
comedy thriller "Gremlins," the 1985 adventure
"Goonies," and the fantasy "Young Sherlock
Holmes" which was directed by Barry Levinson.
Columbus’ screenwriting achievements led to
his first two directorial efforts, "Adventures
In Babysitting" and "Heartbreak Hotel,"
which he also wrote.
He continued his affiliation with Spielberg on "Indiana
Jones and the Last Crusade" before a meeting
with John Hughes led him to his directing assignment
on "Home Alone," followed by the poignant
comedy "Only The Lonely" from his own screenplay.
NICHOLAS KAZAN (Screenplay by) was nominated for
the Academy Award® for his acclaimed 1990 screenplay,
"Reversal of Fortune" (which he also co-produced),
and was voted Screenwriter of the Year by ShoWest
for that work.
Among Kazan’s subsequent films are "Fallen"
(on which he also served as executive producer), and
"Matilda" (written with his wife, Robin
Swicord). He also co-authored "Frances"
starring Jessica Lange, and wrote the screenplays
for "Patty Hearst" and "At Close Range."
In addition to writing "Dream Lover," he
made his directorial debut with that film, starring
James Spader.
MARK RADCLIFFE (Producer) continues his longtime
collaboration with Chris Columbus, having recently
served as producer on the box office hit "Stepmom"
as well as "Mrs. Doubtfire," "Nine
Months," "Jingle All the Way" and "Monkeybone,"
due Thanksgiving 2000. He was executive producer of
"Home Alone 2: Lost In New York" and co-producer
of "Only The Lonely" and associate producer
and assistant director of "Home Alone."
He and Columbus first worked together on "Heartbreak
Hotel."
Radcliffe is a native of Oklahoma and began his film
career as assistant director on Francis Ford Coppola’s
"The Escape Artist." He later joined Coppola
on "Rumblefish" and "Peggy Sue Got
Married."
For filmmaker John Hughes, Radcliffe was assistant
director on "She’s Having a Baby"
and "Planes, Trains and Automobiles." He
also worked as assistant director to Jerry Zucker
on "Ghost," with Donald Petrie on "Mystic
Pizza," and with Paul Schrader on "Light
of Day."
MICHAEL BARNATHAN (Producer) is president of 1492
Pictures and producing partner of Chris Columbus and
Mark Radcliffe with whom he produced "Stepmom,"
"Nine Months," "Jingle All The Way"
and most recently, "Monkeybone." The company
was formed in May 1994 and has a three-year, first
look deal with 20th Century Fox.
Prior to joining 1492 Pictures, Barnathan was senior
vice president of production at Largo Entertainment
for four years where his responsibilities included
supervision of both development and production of
Largo’s films. He served as executive producer
on "Used People" and supervised such productions
as "Point Break," "Dr. Giggles,"
"Judgment Night" and "The Getaway."
Before joining Largo, Barnathan spent seven years
working for Edgar J. Scherick Associates, eventually
becoming the company’s executive vice president.
During his tenure there, he produced and executive
produced numerous cable movies, television films and
miniseries including "The Kennedys of Massachusetts"
which received nine Emmy nominations. Barnathan is
a graduate of New York University’s Tisch School
of the Arts.
GAIL KATZ (Producer) is currently producing "The
Perfect Storm" starring George Clooney and Mark
Wahlberg directed by Wolfgang Petersen for Warner
Bros. based on the best-selling book by Sebastian
Junger. She recently produced the Columbia Pictures
blockbuster "Air Force One" starring Harrison
Ford, Gary Oldman and Glenn Close, directed by Wolfgang
Petersen. She was the executive producer of the Walt
Disney Pictures live-action remake of "Mighty
Joe Young," starring Bill Paxton and Charlize
Theron directed by Ron Underwood. She also recently
executive produced "Instinct" starring Anthony
Hopkins and Cuba Gooding Jr., directed by Jon Turteltaub
from Touchstone Pictures.
Katz served as executive producer on the MGM film
"Red Corner," starring Richard Gere and
directed by Jon Avnet. She was the producer of the
very successful "Outbreak," starring Dustin
Hoffman, Rene Russo, Morgan Freeman, Kevin Spacey
and Cuba Gooding Jr. She executive produced the highly
acclaimed hit "In the Line of Fire," starring
Clint Eastwood, John Malkovich, and Rene Russo and
co-produced "Shattered" starring Tom Berenger,
Bob Hoskins and Greta Scacchi.
In 1990 she and partner Wolfgang Petersen formed Radiant
Productions. Since then, they have made nine films
in as many years. They are developing numerous feature
film projects and currently have a first-look deal
for feature film development at Columbia Pictures.
They recently formed Radiant Television and have series
commitments at CBS Television.
Katz began her production career as a vice president
at New World Pictures after segueing from her position
as vice president of finance there. She earned her
MBA from Yale University and Bachelor of Arts in Economics
and Political Science from the University of California,
Berkeley. She is a native of Los Angeles, California.
WOLFGANG PETERSEN (Producer) was born in Emden, Germany.
He began directing stage productions at age 21 while
still an acting student at Hamburg’s Ernst Deutsch
Theatre. Eventually deciding to focus his efforts
solely on directing, Petersen entered the Berlin Film
and Television Academy, where he trained for four
years.
In 1970, Petersen made his TV directorial debut with
"I Will Kill You, Wolf," which he followed
with six two-hour telefeatures for the series "Tatort."
Among his other early successes were "Smog,"
which won the 1975 Silver Prix Futura in Berlin, and
"Black and White, Like Day and Night," for
which he earned the award as Best Director at the
Paris Film Festival in 1978.
Petersen started his feature film career as winner
of the German National Films Prize as best new director
for "One of Us Two" in 1973. He soon gained
international recognition with the controversial 1977
drama "The Consequence," the WWII nautical
adventure "Das Boot" (1981), for which he
received two Oscar® nominations (Best Director,
Best Screenplay Adaptation); "The NeverEnding
Story" (1984), his first English-language film,
the space fantasy "Enemy Mine" (1985), starring
Louis Gossett, Jr. and Dennis Quaid; and—after
taking permanent residence in the United States—the
suspense thriller "Shattered" (1991), starring
Tom Berenger. In 1993, Petersen directed the critically
acclaimed suspense thriller, "In the Line of
Fire," starring Clint Eastwood, which was nominated
for three Academy Awards®: Best Supporting Actor
(John Malkovich), Best Screenplay and Best Editing.
This triumph was followed by the boxoffice hit "Outbreak"
(1995), starring Dustin Hoffman, and "Air Force
One" (1997), starring Harrison Ford.
Petersen is currently filming "The Perfect Storm"
starring George Clooney, based on the best-selling
book by Sebastian Junger.
NEAL MILLER (Producer) formed Rubicon Film Productions,
Ltd. in 1976, after a successful career as a management
and information systems consultant to several Fortune
500 companies. His first film project was a series
pilot starring Daryl Hannah. Over the next seven years,
he wrote and produced six award-winning films, which
originally aired on the American Playhouse series
on PBS, including "Who Am I This Time?"
starring Susan Sarandon and Christopher Walken, directed
by Academy Award® winner Jonathan Demme; "Come
Along With Me" with Estelle Parsons, Sylvia Sidney
and Barbara Baxley, directed by Joanne Woodward; "A
Matter of Principle" with Alan Arkin and Virginia
Madsen; "Any Friend of Nicholas Nickleby is a
Friend of Mine," adapted from the story by Ray
Bradbury, starring Fred Gwynne; and "Under The
Biltmore Clock" starring Sean Young (which Miller
also directed). He also wrote and directed the ABC
After School Special "Love Hurts," which
won a Golden Apple Award at the National Educational
Film & Video Festival. His film "The Roommate,"
adapted from a story by John Updike, has been featured
in seven film festivals, including the Sundance Film
Festival, and won awards at the San Francisco and
Dallas film festivals, as well as the Grand Prix at
the Los Angeles International Film Festival.
After Miller and his family moved to Eugene, Oregon
in 1988, The Walt Disney Studios acquired his rights
to The Bicentennial Man. He is currently producing
and directing his first documentary, "RoughRiders,"
about the reuniting of his Chicago high school championship
basketball team to compete in the 1998 National Masters
Basketball Championships. He is also directing the
upcoming motion picture "Don’t You Cry
For Me," reuniting Alan Arkin and much of the
cast from the widely acclaimed "A Matter of Principle."
LAURENCE MARK (Producer) received an Academy Award®
nomination for producing "Jerry Maguire,"
starring Tom Cruise and directed by Cameron Crowe,
and he executive produced "As Good As It Gets,"
starring Jack Nicholson, Helen Hunt and Greg Kinnear
and directed by James L. Brooks, which was also nominated
for an Academy Award® for Best Picture.
Mr. Mark also recently produced "Anywhere But
Here," starring Susan Sarandon and Natalie Portman
and directed by Wayne Wang; "The Object of My
Affection," starring Jennifer Aniston, Paul Rudd
and Nigel Hawthorne and directed by Nicholas Hytner;
and "Romy and Michele’s High School Reunion,"
starring Mira Sorvino, Lisa Kudrow and Janeane Garofalo
and directed by David Mirkin.
Upcoming films for Mr. Mark include "Hanging
Up," starring Meg Ryan, Diane Keaton and Lisa
Kudrow and directed by Ms. Keaton, due out in February,
and "Center Stage," directed by Nicholas
Hytner, due out next spring.
Laurence Mark Productions is headquartered at the
Sony Studios where the company has a long-term production
arrangement with Columbia Pictures.
As producer or executive producer, Mr. Mark’s
other credits include Bob Rafelson’s "Black
Widow," Mike Nichols’ "Working Girl,"
Susan Seidelman’s "Cookie" and Herbert
Ross’ "True Colors," as well as "Sister
Act 2," "The Adventures of Huck Finn"
and "Simon Birch." For television, Mr. Mark
executive produced "Sweet Bird of Youth,"
starring Elizabeth Taylor and directed by Nicolas
Roeg, and "Oliver Twist," starring Richard
Dreyfuss and Elijah Wood and directed by Tony Bill.
Mr. Mark began his career as an executive trainee
at United Artists after graduating from Wesleyan University
and from New York University with a master’s
degree in cinema. After working as a producer’s
assistant on a number of films ("Lenny,"
"Smile"), he held several key publicity
and marketing posts in New York and Los Angeles at
Paramount Pictures, culminating in his being appointed
Vice President of West Coast Marketing for that studio.
Moving into production, he then worked as Vice President
of Production at Paramount before joining Twentieth
Century Fox as Executive Vice President of Production.
At those studios, he was closely involved with the
development and production of such films as "Terms
of Endearment," "Trading Places," "Staying
Alive," "Falling in Love," "The
Fly" and "Broadcast News."
In theatre, Mr. Mark made his debut as a producer
in 1991 with "Brooklyn Laundry," starring
Glenn Close, Laura Dern and Woody Harrelson and directed
by James L. Brooks at the Coronet Theatre in Los Angeles.
He also produced the musical stage version of "Big"
which played Broadway’s Shubert Theatre in 1995.
DAN KOLSRUD (Executive Producer) began his entertainment
industry career directing television programs at local
stations in Baltimore and Boston. Moving to Los Angeles,
he initially worked as an assistant director on feature
films before becoming a producer.
As a noted filmmaker Mr. Kolsrud’s creative
contributions to the industry include executive producing
some of Hollywood’s biggest hits. Most notable
among his credits is author Ray Bradbury’s screen
adaptation of his classic novel "Something Wicked
This Way Comes," as well as "Impulse,"
"Memoirs of an Invisible Man," "Falling
Down," "Grumpy Old Men," "Richie
Rich," "Seven," the Academy Award®
winning "L.A. Confidential" and, most recently,
"Mystery, Alaska."
PHIL MEHEUX, B.S.C. (Director of Photography) began
his career as a documentary filmmaker before moving
into feature films. Among Mr. Meheux’s notable
feature achievements are such hits as "Entrapment,"
"The Mask of Zorro," "The Saint"
and "Goldeneye." He also contributed his
talents and creativity to "The Long Good Friday,"
"No Escape," "Ruby," "Highlander
II," "The Fourth Protocol," "Defenseless,"
"Criminal Law" and "The Final Conflict,"
among others.
Television audiences have seen Mr. Meheux’s
work on the original telefilm "Max Headroom,"
as well as "Lace," "Experience Preferred
But Not Essential," "The Disappearance of
Harry" and "Out." He also served as
director of photography on "‘Der Kaiser
Von Atlantis," an opera film for German television
which won the Prix Italia for the Best Music Program;
as well as director John Mackenzie’s "Just
Another Saturday" which won he Prix Italia for
the Best Drama made for television.
NORMAN REYNOLDS (Production Designer) has a long
history of designing other worldly and futuristic
films. Having won an Academy Award® for "Star
Wars Episode IV: A New Hope," he went on to do
production design for the next two films in the "Star
Wars" series, "The Empire Strikes Back,"
and "Return of the Jedi." His second Oscar®
was for his production on "Raiders of the Lost
Ark."
Reynolds’ recent work includes his production
design for Brian DePalma’s "Mission: Impossible"
and "Sphere" directed by Barry Levinson.
Reynolds’ other production design credits include
"Alive," and "Empire of the Sun"
with producers Frank Marshall and Kathleen Kennedy;
the critically acclaimed "Avalon," also
with Barry Levinson as well as "Mountains of
the Moon," "Return to Oz" and "Young
Sherlock Holmes."
NEIL TRAVIS, A.C.E. (Edited by) won an Academy Award®
in 1990 for his work on Kevin Costner’s "Dances
With Wolves." In 1977 he also won an Emmy for
his work on ABC’s highly acclaimed miniseries
"Roots."
Among the films Travis has edited are "Jaws 2,"
"Cujo," "The Philadelphia Experiment,"
"No Way Out," "Marie," "Bopha!,"
"Patriot Games," "Clear and Present
Danger," "Outbreak," "Moll Flanders,"
"The Edge," and "Stepmom."
His numerous television credits include NBC’s
"They Call it Murder," "Alexander:
The Other Side of Dawn," "Roots: The Next
Generation," CBS’s "The Atlanta Child
Murders" and ABC’s "Out On A Limb."
JOSEPH G. AULISI (Costume Designer) has been designing
costumes for feature films for over 25 years. Prior
to his film career, he designed numerous noteworthy
musicals and plays on Broadway.
Aulisi’s film credits include his work with
director Chris Columbus on "Stepmom" as
well as Frank Oz’s "Bowfinger" with
Steve Martin and Eddie Murphy. He has designed three
films directed by Robert Benton: "Twilight"
with Paul Newman and Susan Sarandon, "Nobody’s
Fool" also with Paul Newman, and "Billy
Bathgate" with Nicole Kidman and Dustin Hoffman.
He designed "Die Hard With A Vengeance"
starring Bruce Willis, "On Deadly Ground"
with Steven Segal, "Shaft," "The Pope
of Greenwich Village" and "Three Days of
the Condor" starring Robert Redford and directed
by Sydney Pollack. Herbert Ross’ "My Blue
Heaven" and "The Secret of My Success"
were both designed by Aulisi.
Other period films include "Ironweed" starring
Meryl Streep and Jack Nicholson and Neil Simon’s
"Brighton Beach Memoirs." Aulisi also designed
"Private Parts," starring Howard Stern.
JAMES HORNER’s (Music Composed and Conducted
by) evocative music scores have enriched a long list
of motion picture hits. One of the most creative talents
in the industry, Horner received two Academy Awards
and two Golden Globe Awards for his music from "Titanic:
(one for Best Original Score, and one for Best Original
Song for "My Heart Will Go On"). He has
earned five additional Academy Award nominations,
four additional Golden Globe nominaionts, and has
won six Grammy Awards, including Song of the Year
in 1987 (for "Somewhere Out There") and
1998 (for "My Heart Will Go On").
Among Horner’s most prominent recent film credits
are Walt Disney Pictures’ live-action drama,
"Mighty Joe Young," as well as "The
Mask of Zorro," "Deep Impact," "The
Devil's Own," "Titanic," and "Ransom."
His other credits include, "To Gillian On Her
37th Birthday," "The Spitfire Grill,"
"Courage Under Fire," "Jumanji,"
"Braveheart," "Apollo 13," "Casper,"
"Legends of the Fall," "Clear and Present
Danger," "The Pelican Brief," "Sneakers,"
"Glory," "Searching For Bobby Fischer,"
"Field of Dreams," "Aliens," and
"An American Tail."
Mr. Horner’s upcoming projects include "How
the Grinch Stole Christmas," "The Perfect
Storm," and the made-for-television film "Freedom’s
Song."
Award winning special effects designer STEVE JOHNSON
(Robotic Effects by) began his career at age 18, on
productions such as "The Fog," "The
Howling" and "An American Werewolf in London."
He then served in key supervisory roles on "Videodrome"
and "Greystoke" on which Johnson supervised
the animatronic ape shoot in Africa.
In the mid-1980s, Johnson was appointed head of the
"creature shop" at Richard Edlund’s
Boss Film Corporation, where he oversaw productions
on such films as "Ghostbusters," "Fright
Night," "Poltergeist 2" and "Big
Trouble in Little China." The sum of this experience
led to the formation of his own company, XFX, Inc.
in 1986.
Steve Johnson’s XFX, Inc. drew initial acclaim
with memorable effects such as the surreal demise
of Freddy Kreuger in Renny Harlin’s "Nightmare
on Elm Street IV," which lead to the creation
of his now famous fully articulated, translucent,
self-illuminating underwater beings for James Cameron’s
"The Abyss." He has brought XFX, Inc. to
the forefront of the development of hands-on design
and on-set application for projects as diverse as
"Species," "Amistad," |